What tools are available to me to turn off the internet at a predetermined time at night and turn it back on in the morning? Surely there is some way or some program I can use to do this.
The parental controls in your router can do this. If it is an MI424WR, I'm not sure about other models.
Beaware that once you enable parental control, your Internet speed will degrade 50% due to router using CPU to do filtering. This is even on the latest revision I model.