I just installed a 64 GB SD card in the S5 but my phone still says I don't have enough space for an update or Apps. How do I utilize this added memory?
You need to move as many files from the internal to the SD card. Apps cannot be moved and updates require internal storage not SD. If you cannot make enough space this way, you'll need to delete a few apps until after the update.
Pics and music are the big ones but I cant seem to move those. Sounds like next time it would be better to just get the bigger SIM card from the get go.
The SIM card has nothing to do with storage. SIM cards are used to identify you and your account on the network. SD (external) and internal storage are used for storage, not SIM cards. You should have a file manager app built into your phone, if not for some reason, try this: ES File Explorer File Manager - Android Apps on Google Play
How do I move my pics to the SD card?
If the above app and/or the built-in app did not help, plug the phone into a PC and transfer what you can from internal to external in your desktop file browser/manager/My Computer just like you would between two USB drives.
You can delete old emails and text messages. Don't forget to delete the trash bin in emails. You can also delete browser history too to get more available memory or delete old files or documents you don't need anymore. You can set your camera to send pics and videos to your SD card instead of phone memory. Check available free memory to see what you have open. As others have posted. Moving files to the SD card from phone memory is also important.