What do I need to bring to a Verizon store to get a replacement
I'm not sure that you need to bring anything if you're visiting a store. Just tell the employees that your phone has been lost or stolen so your line can be suspended while you're waiting for the replacement phone to arrive, and also have them blacklist the missing phone. If you have not remotely factory reset the lost phone using the "find my" app specific to either Android or Apple devices, do so.
If you have insurance covering theft, file a claim with the insurance company.
I went to the store and it turns out they want a four digit code. This was an authorized dealer but not a Verizon store, I guess. But yea, they want a code to sell me a new phone. I can't find the code.
Hi again, what the employee was asking for is your Account PIN as a means of 2FA. Normally, when store employees access your account, you'd get a text on your phone, but since you don't have your phone, they have to verify through other means. The corporate stores would do the same thing. If you've forgotten your Account PIN, you'll have to reset it yourself on a computer when you login to My Verizon. See the link below for details.
Verizon mobile Account PIN FAQs | Verizon Customer Support
The link you sent doesn't explain how to reset a Account PIN.
It's under the "create or reset" tab of that FAQ, but in a nutshell, login to My Verizon > Security. You need to be the Account Owner.
Thanks for trying, but you need your phone to receive a code in order to use that create or reset.
Ugh. I'm guessing you also can't purchase a new phone online through the storefront without getting a push notification for 2FA to your phone? Can you disable the 2FA in your account and see if that will let you work around the having to get a text? The only other thing I can think of would be to try contacting Verizon on social media: