how do i find a lost phone that is dead
You can't : ( since it's not on or dead it's not transmitting any signal to show where it's at
Retrace your steps or hope someone finds it, charges it, turns it on and you have an app installed that helps you locate it.
Go to Android Device Manager on a PC and log in with Google Account. You can find the last known position of the phone. You can also send a command to lock or wipe and as soon as the phone is turned back on, the command will process.